Disinfectant composition having residual biocidal properties

ABSTRACT

A composition having biocidal properties is disclosed. The composition includes a biocide in combination with a film forming component. In one embodiment, for instance, the biocide comprises an amine while the film forming component comprises one or more polyvinyl alcohol polymers. The disinfectant composition forms a film on a surface that is abrasion resistant and will provide biocidal activity over an extended period of time, while being completely water dispersible.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is based on and claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent application Ser. No. 62/420,887, which was filed onNov. 11, 2016 and is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/809,097, which was filed Nov. 10, 2017, and which is incorporatedherein by reference.

BACKGROUND

A disinfectant refers to any chemical agent capable of killing,destroying, or inhibiting the growth of organisms, particularlymicroorganisms. Disinfectant products include hard surface cleaners,hand sanitizers, pre-disinfectant cleaners for instruments, sterilizingand high-level disinfectant compositions, and the like.

Ideally, a disinfectant has broad-spectrum activity against all types ofmicroorganisms at various pH levels. The disinfectant should also havehigh efficacy so that a minimum amount of the anti-microbial agent canbe used to save cost and to avoid or reduce any possible adverse effectscaused by the anti-microbial agent. Also, it is desirable that thedisinfectant is stable to any changes in temperature encountered duringmanufacturing, packaging, and shipping as well as during storage.Further, an ideal disinfectant is physically and chemically compatiblewith ingredients of different application systems so that theanti-microbial agent can suitably be incorporated in various products.

In the past, various different disinfectants have been suggested. Forexample, disinfectants that have been used in the past include alcoholssuch as isopropyl alcohol and ethanol, copper compounds, silvercompounds, aldehydes, oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite, andthe like.

Most disinfectant compositions that are commercially available are wellsuited to killing microorganisms on surfaces when applied. The efficacyof many disinfectant compositions, however, rapidly decreases afterapplication. In particular, the disinfectant composition fails to remainon the surface for any length of time to provide a sustained efficacy.The disinfectant composition either rapidly degrades, evaporates, ortends to be physically removed from the surface due to repeated touchingor wiping with a cloth. As a result, if the surface becomesre-contaminated, the disinfectant composition must be reapplied in orderto kill the newly deposited microorganisms.

In view of the above, a need exists for a disinfectant composition thatdelivers fast initial antimicrobial kill and also provides residualprotection and long lasting efficacy. A need also exists for adisinfectant composition capable of providing prolonged antimicrobialactivity against microorganisms without discoloring a surface or makingthe surface sticky to the touch. A need also exists for a disinfectantcomposition that provides prolonged efficacy against microorganismswithout creating chemical build up on the surface.

SUMMARY

In general, the present disclosure is directed to a composition havingbiocidal properties. More particularly, the present disclosure isdirected to a disinfectant composition that displays efficacy over anextended length of time. The disinfectant composition has prolongedantimicrobial properties without causing chemical build up on anadjacent surface.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a compositionfor disinfecting surfaces that comprises at least one biocide. Thebiocide, for instance, can comprise an amine, a chlorhexidine, abiguanide, or mixtures thereof. In one particular embodiment, one or allof the above biocides may also be used in combination with a quaternaryammonium cation. In accordance with the present disclosure, the at leastone biocide is combined with a film forming component. The film formingcomponent, for instance, may comprise a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinylpyrrolidone, a glycol such as polyethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.The biocide and the film forming component are combined together andblended with a liquid carrier. The liquid carrier, for instance, maycomprise water. Water can be present in the composition, for instance,in an amount greater than about 40% by weight, such as in an amountgreater than about 50% by weight, such as in an amount greater thanabout 60% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 70% byweight.

In one embodiment, the biocide contained in the composition comprises anamine, particularly a tertiary amine. For instance, the biocide maycomprise a tertiary alkyl amine, such as an alkyl amine having fromabout 8 to about 16 carbon atoms. Examples of amine biocides that may beused in the composition include N, N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-decyl-1,3-propanediamine,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-tetradecyl-1,3-propanediamine, or mixtures thereof.

The at least one biocide can be present in the composition in an amountfrom about 0.1% to about 2% by weight, such as from about 0.2% to about2.0% by weight, such as from about 0.3% to about 1.5% by weight.

In one embodiment, the film forming component includes a polyvinylalcohol alone or in combination with another film forming component. Thepolyvinyl alcohol, for instance, can have a degree of hydrolysis of atleast about 80 mol %, such as at least about 90 mol %, such as at leastabout 95 mol %, such as at least about 97 mol %.

In one embodiment, the composition contains a first polyvinyl alcoholand a second polyvinyl alcohol. The first polyvinyl alcohol can have adegree of hydrolysis greater than the degree of hydrolysis of the secondpolyvinyl alcohol. For instance, in one embodiment, the first polyvinylalcohol can have a degree of hydrolysis of about 98 mol %. The secondpolyvinyl alcohol, on the other hand, can have a degree of hydrolysis offrom about 90 mol % to about 97 mol %, such as about 96 mol %. The firstpolyvinyl alcohol can be present in the composition in relation to thesecond polyvinyl alcohol at a weight ratio of from about 1:1 to about4:1, such as from about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

The total amount of film forming components contained in the compositioncan generally be from about 1% to about 10% by weight, such as in anamount from about 2% to about 8% by weight, such as in an amount fromabout 3% to about 7% by weight.

In one embodiment, the composition can further contain an evaporatingagent. The evaporating agent can have a boiling point of less than about90° C., such as less than about 85° C., at 1 ATM. For example, theevaporating agent may comprise an alcohol, such as isopropyl alcohol.

The composition may contain various other components and ingredients.For instance, the composition can also contain a chelating agent and/ora surfactant. The surfactant may comprise, for instance, an alkoxylatedalcohol.

The disinfectant composition of the present disclosure can be applied toa surface using any suitable method. For instance, the composition canbe sprayed or otherwise applied to a surface. In one embodiment, adisposable substrate can be pre-impregnated with the composition to forma pre-moistened wipe.

Other features and aspects of the present disclosure are discussed ingreater detail below.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that thepresent discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, andis not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the presentdisclosure.

The present disclosure is generally directed to a composition fordisinfecting surfaces. More particularly, the present disclosure isdirected to disinfecting compositions that not only deliver fast initialantimicrobial kill over a broad spectrum of microorganisms, but alsoprovide residual antimicrobial activity over an extended length of time.In general, the composition contains at least one biocide in conjunctionwith a film forming component. The film forming componentsynergistically works in conjunction with the biocide to not only kill abroad spectrum of microorganisms initially but also forms a lightcoating or film over the surface providing antimicrobial properties overan extended length of time. Of particular advantage, the thin coating orfilm formed on the surface is clear, non-tacky, and relativelyinvisible. The dried disinfectant composition can also be re-dissolvedin water or in further applications of the disinfectant composition. Inthis manner, the disinfectant composition is resistant to chemical buildup over time allowing for repeated use of the composition on the samesurface.

The disinfectant composition can be used in any suitable industry orfield. For instance, the disinfectant composition can be used in thefood and beverage field. The disinfectant composition, for instance, maycomprise a hard surface disinfectant, a hand sanitizer, a sterilizing orhigh-level disinfectant composition, a pre-disinfectant cleaner forinstruments and the like.

As described above, disinfectant composition of the present disclosurecontains at least one biocide in combination with a film formingcomponent. The biocide and film forming component can be selected so asto maximize antimicrobial activity and in order to maximize thelongevity of the activity. In one embodiment, the at least one biocidemay comprise an amine with biocidal properties, a chlorhexidine, abiguanide, or mixtures thereof.

Suitable amines include, but are not limited to, tertiary amines, suchas (C₈-C₁₆) alkyl amines. The term “(C₈-C₁₆) alkyl amine” encompassesall amines which contain a (C₁-C₁₆) alkyl group. One (C₈-C₁₆) alkylamine is N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine, available as Lonzabac®12.30 and 12.100 from Lonza, Inc.

Other exemplary tertiary amines include, for example,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecyl propane-1,3-diamine,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-decyl-1,3-propanediamine,N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-tetradecyl-1,3-propanediamine as well as their acidaddition compounds. Other similar tertiary amines may be used

In one embodiment, the biocide may comprise a polymeric biguanide,otherwise known as a polybiguanide, or a salt, analog, or derivativethereof. In one embodiment, the polybiguanide may be a copolymer or aheteropolymer. The polybiguanide may be linear, branched, circular,and/or dendrimeric. The number of polymer repeating units can vary from2 to 1,000, such as from 5 to 750, such as from 10 to 500, such as from25 to 250, such as from 50 to 100 repeating units. In one specificembodiment, the polybiguanide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB), polyhexamethylene monoguanide (PHMG), polyethylene biguanide(PEB), polytetramethylene biguanide (PTMB), polyethylene hexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB), polymethylene biguanides (PMBs),poly(allylbiguanidnio-co-allyamine, poly(N-vinyl-biguanide),polyallylbiguanide etc.

For example, in one particular embodiment, the biocide may comprise apolyalkylene biguanide, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide. In oneembodiment, the biocide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanidehydrochloride (PHMB), also known as polyaminopropyl biguanide (PABP).

PHMB is commonly represented by the following formula, though it isknown to exist as a complex mixture of polymeric biguanides with variousterminal groups including guanidine (not shown).

The value n represents the number of repeating units of the biguanidepolymer.

More particularly, PHMB can be a mixture of various biguanide polymersthat can include different combinations of terminal groups, e.g., amine,cyanoguanidino, and guanidine. Based only on these three terminalgroups, at least six possible biguanide polymers can exist. There can beone biguanide polymer with two terminal amine groups, which is referredto as PHMB-AA, one with two terminal cyanoguanidino groups, which isreferred to as PHMB-CGCG, and one with two terminal guanidine groups,which is referred to as PHMB-GG (see, below). There are also the threepossible biguanide polymers having a combination of two differentterminal groups. Again, based on the above terminal groups they includeamine-cyanoguanidino (PHMB-ACG), amine-guanidine (PHMB-AG) andguanidine-cyanoguanidino (GCG). Accordingly, a sample of PHMB maycomprise a mixture of polymeric biguanides with the three mentionedterminal groups. Moreover, some of the composition can include in-chainpolymeric guanide (not shown). The subscript “n” represents the averagenumber of repeating groups, and a distribution of polymer length existsfor each of the polymers shown below.

wherein n can be from about 1 to about 50, such as from about 1 to about20.

Polyhexamethylene biguanide, such as polyhexamethylene biguanidehydrochloride, has a broad antimicrobial range and is fast acting.Further, the antimicrobial agent is stable over a broad pH range.

In still another embodiment, the biocide may comprise a chlorhexidine orderivatives or salts thereof. Chlorhexidine is commonly represented bythe following formula.

In one embodiment the biocide may comprise a chlorhexidine salt. Forexample, the biocide may comprise chlorhexidine gluconate, chlorhexidinehydrochloride, or chlorhexidine acetate.

One or more of the above biocides is generally present in thedisinfectant composition in an amount greater than about 0.1% by weight,such as in an amount greater than about 0.2% by weight, such as in anamount greater than about 0.3% by weight. The one or more biocides isgenerally present in an amount less than about 4% by weight, such as inan amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less thanabout 1% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.8% by weight,such as in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight.

In one embodiment, the disinfectant composition can be sold in aconcentrated form and then later diluted prior to use. In theconcentrated form, the one or more biocides may be present in thecomposition in an amount greater than about 0.2% by weight, such as inan amount greater than about 0.4% by weight, such as in an amountgreater than about 0.6% by weight. In the concentrated composition, theone or more biocides are generally present in an amount less than about4% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 3% by weight.

In one embodiment, in addition to one of the biocides described above ora mixture of the above biocides, the composition may contain aquaternary ammonium cation. The quaternary ammonium cation, forinstance, may comprise a carbon/bicarbonate, halide, or propionate saltof a quaternary ammonium cation. If included in the composition, thequaternary ammonium cation is present in relatively small amounts suchas less than about 0.5% by weight, such as less than about 0.3% byweight, such as in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight.

In accordance with the present disclosure, one or more biocides arecombined with a film forming component to form the disinfectantcomposition. The film forming component generally comprises a filmforming polymer capable of forming a film on a surface or otherwiseextending the active life of the biocide without adversely interferingwith the activity of the biocide. The film forming component, in oneembodiment, has a water solubility that prevents the composition fromchemical build up over prolonged and repeated use. A film formingcomponent can also be selected that does not produce a sticky or tackycomposition when combined with the biocide. Film forming components thatmay be incorporated into the composition, for instance, include apolyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, apolyethyloxazoline, or mixtures thereof.

The polyvinyl alcohols that may be used in the composition of thepresent disclosure include polyvinyl alcohols that are at leastpartially hydrolyzed or fully hydrolyzed. The degree of hydrolysis ofthe polyvinyl alcohol polymer, for instance, is generally greater thanabout 80 mol %, such as greater than 90 mol %, such as greater than 93mol %, such as greater than about 95 mol %, such as greater than about97 mol %. In one embodiment, for instance, the disinfectant compositioncontains a polyvinyl alcohol polymer having a degree of hydrolysis ofabout 98 mol % or greater.

In one particular embodiment, the disinfectant composition can include afirst polyvinyl alcohol polymer in combination with a second polyvinylalcohol polymer. The first polyvinyl alcohol polymer can have a degreeof hydrolysis greater than the second polyvinyl alcohol polymer. Thefirst polyvinyl alcohol polymer, for instance, can be included in thecomposition in order to ensure that any resulting dried coating on asurface is water soluble and/or dispersible. The second polyvinylalcohol polymer, on the other hand, can be present in amounts in orderto ensure that the dried coating has longevity when applied to a surfaceand is resistant to any type of contact or abrasion. The first polyvinylalcohol polymer, for instance, can have a degree of hydrolysis ofgenerally greater than about 96 mol %, such as greater than about 97 mol%. The second polyvinyl alcohol polymer, on the other hand, can have adegree of hydrolysis of less than about 97 mol %, such as less thanabout 96 mol %, such as less than about 95 mol %. The degree ofhydrolysis of the second polyvinyl alcohol polymer is generally greaterthan about 90 mol %, such as greater than about 93 mol %, such asgreater than 95 mol %.

The relative amounts of the first polyvinyl alcohol polymer and secondpolyvinyl alcohol polymer can vary depending upon the particularapplication and the other components contained in the composition. Inone particular embodiment, for instance the weight ratio between thefirst polyvinyl alcohol polymer and the second polyvinyl alcohol polymeris from about 1:1 to about 10:1, such as from about 1:1 to about 4:1,such as from about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

In addition to polyvinyl alcohol polymers, the film forming componentmay also comprise a polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyalkylene glycol. Thepolyalkylene glycol, for instance, may comprise polyethylene glycol. Thepolyethylene glycol can generally have a number average molecular weightof greater than about 1000, such as greater than about 2000, such asgreater than about 2500, such as greater than about 2800, such asgreater than about 3000, such as greater than about 3200. The numberaverage molecular weight is generally less than about 10,000, such asless than about 5000, such as less than about 4000.

One or more film forming components are generally present in thedisinfectant composition in an amount greater than about 1% by weight,such as an amount greater than about 2% by weight, such as an amountgreater than about 3% by weight, such as an amount greater than about 4%by weight. One or more film forming components are generally containedin the composition in an amount less than about 15% by weight, such asan amount less than about 10% by weight, such as an amount less thanabout 8% by weight, such as an amount less than about 7% by weight.

When the composition is sold in a concentrated form, the one or morefilm forming components can be present in the composition generally inan amount greater than about 4% by weight, such as an amount greaterthan about 6% by weight, and generally less than about 30% by weight,such as an amount less than about 25% by weight. The concentrated form,prior to use, can be diluted with one or more solvents such as water inorder to arrive at the concentrations described above.

In addition to at least one biocide and at least one film formingcomponent, the disinfectant composition can also include a liquidcarrier. The liquid carrier, for instance, may comprise a polar solventsuch as water or a water-miscible solvent, such as a glycol ether. Theliquid carrier is generally present in the composition in an amountgreater than about 40% by weight, such as an amount greater than about50% by weight, such as an amount greater than about 60% by weight, suchas an amount greater than about 70% by weight, such as an even an amountgreater than about 80% by weight. In general, the liquid carrier ispresent in an amount less than about 97% by weight, such as an amountless than about 95% by weight, such as an amount less than about 80% byweight depending upon the particular application and formulation.

In one embodiment, the disinfectant composition can also contain anevaporating agent. The evaporating agent can be present in thecomposition in order to facilitate evaporation of the composition onceapplied to a surface. The evaporating agent, for instance, generally hasa boiling point of less than liquid water. For instance, the boilingpoint of the evaporating agent can be less than about 90° C., such asless than about 85° C. at 1 ATM. Examples of evaporating agents includealcohols. For instance, the evaporating agent may comprise alcoholsincluding, but not limited to, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, andmixtures thereof. The amount of evaporating agents contained in thecomposition can vary widely depending upon various factors. For examplethe evaporating agent can be present in the composition in an amountgreater than about 0.5% by weight, such as an amount greater than about1% by weight, such as an amount greater than about 2% by weight, such asan amount greater than about 5% by weight, such as an amount greaterthan about 10% by weight, such as an amount greater than about 15% byweight, such as an amount greater than about 20% by weight. Theevaporating agent is generally present in amount less than about 85% byweight, such as in an amount less than about 70% by weight, such as inan amount less than about 50% by weight, such as in an amount less thanabout 40% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 30% by weight,such as in an amount less than about 20% by weight.

In one embodiment, the disinfectant composition of the presentdisclosure may also contain a surfactant. Any suitable surfactant may beadded to the composition including nonionic surfactants and/or cationicsurfactants. The surfactant can generally be present in the compositionin an amount greater than about 0.05% by weight, such as an amountgreater than about 0.08% by weight. Surfactants are generally present inan amount less than about 20% by weight, such as an amount less thanabout 15% by weight, such as an amount less than about 10% by weight,such as an amount less than about 5% by weight, such as an amount lessthan about 3% by weight, such as an amount less than about 2% by weight.

In one embodiment, the disinfectant composition contains a nonionicsurfactant, particularly an alkoxylated alcohol.

For example, the alkoxylated alcohol may comprise an alkoxylated fattyalcohol. The alkoxylated alcohol may have the following formula:

-   -   where    -   R¹ is C₆-C₁₈-alkyl or C₆-C₁₈-alkenyl,    -   R² is hydrogen or methyl,    -   and n is from 5 to 30.

In various embodiments, R¹ can be an C₈-C₁₈ alkyl or alkenyl group, suchas a C₉-C₁₈ alkyl or alkenyl group.

For example, useful nonionic alkoxylated alcohols include, but are notlimited to, alkoxylates of capryl alcohol, octanol, pelargonic alcohol,decyl alcohol, capric alcohol, undecyl alcohol, 1-undecanol, undecanol,hendecanol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, dodecanol, myristylalcohol, pentadecyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol,heptadecyl alcohol, or stearyl alcohol.

The degree of alkoxylation in the surfactant can vary depending uponvarious factors. In one embodiment, for instance, the alkoxylatedalcohol contains at least about 5 mols of alkoxylate, such as at leastabout 8 mols of alkoxylate, such as at least about 10 mols ofalkoxylate, such as at least about 12 mols of alkoxylate, such as atleast about 15 mols of alkoxylate, such as at least about 18 mols ofalkoxylate, such as at least about 20 mols of alkoxylate. The degree ofalkoxylation is generally less than about 80 mols, such as less thanabout 60 mols, such as less than about 40 mols, such as less than about30 mols.

In one embodiment, the alkoxylated alcohol comprises an ethoxylatedfatty alcohol. For example, in one particular embodiment, R² in theabove formula comprises hydrogen.

In one particular embodiment, the composition contains an ethoxylatedlauryl alcohol. The ethoxylated lauryl alcohol can contain from about 6mols to about 15 mols of ethoxylate, such as from about 7 mols to about10 mols of ethoxylate.

Other non-ionic surfactants that may be used in the composition include,but are not limited to, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers,octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, pentaethylene glycol monododecylether, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, glucoside alkyl ethers,decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, polyoxyethyleneglycol octylphenol ethers, polyoxyethylene glycol alkylphenol ethers,glycerol alkyl esters, polyglycerol esters, glyceryl laurate,polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters,dodecyldimethylamine oxide, block copolymers of polyethylene glycol andpolypropylene glycol, poloxamers and polyethoxylated tallow amine(POEA), and mixtures thereof.

Additionally, the disinfectant product may contain an optional chelatingagent. Chelating agents include, for example, an acetic acid derivativeselected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), tetrasodium EDTA. The chelatingagent may serve to bind other metal ions that may adversely affect theeffectiveness of the disinfecting components in the composition. Inaddition, chelating agents may also assist in soil removal and/orpreventing soil redeposition into the disinfecting composition while inuse. The chelating agents, when present in the composition are generallypresent in an amount up to about 20% by weight, and are typicallypresent in an amount of about 0.05% to about 8% by weight.

The disinfectant composition may also contain a pH adjusting agent.Suitable pH adjusting agents include sodium hydroxide, sodium citrateand other similar compounds. The disinfectant composition will have a pHin the range of about 6 to about 13. Generally the disinfectantcomposition will be considered a neutral disinfecting composition if thepH is in the range of about 6 to about 8. The disinfectant compositionwill be considered an alkaline disinfectant composition when the pH isin the range of above 8 to about 12.

The disinfectant composition may optionally further contain corrosioninhibitors, complexing agents, auxiliaries, preservatives, fragrances,colorants and the like. Exemplary corrosion inhibitors include, forexample, organic phosphorous compounds and blend of organic phosphorouscompounds with a polymeric component. Colorants and fragrances may beadded provided they do not interfere with the function of thecomposition and may serve for identifying the composition. Generally,the optional further ingredients will make up less than about 20% byweight of the composition.

Various different microorganisms may be killed or controlled inaccordance with the present disclosure. For instance, the antimicrobialcomposition of the present disclosure can control gram positivebacteria, gram negative bacteria, and the like. In addition to bacteria,the anti-microbial composition of the present disclosure can also killand control the growth of various other microorganisms, such as fungi,viruses, spores, yeast, mycobacteria, and the like. Examples ofparticular microorganisms that may be killed or controlled in accordancewith the present disclosure include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcuspneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Salmonellaenteritidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coil, Enterococcushirae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterobactergergoviae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Burholderia cepacia, Pseudomonasputida, Kocuria rhizophila, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Aspergillus brasiliensis, Penicillium funiculosum, Eupenicilliumlevitum, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium difficile,Clostridium perfringens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacteriumterrae, Mycobacterium avium, Poliovirus, Adenovirus, Norovirus, Vacciniavirus, Influenza virus, Hepatitis B virus, Human Immunodeficiency virus,Human papilloma virus, or mixtures thereof.

Various different disinfectant products can be made in accordance withthe present disclosure. The disinfectant product may be used, forinstance, to clean hard surfaces, to pre-clean sterilize or high-leveldisinfect instruments, and/or as a hand sanitizer.

When used as a hard surface cleaner, the disinfectant composition can bedelivered to a surface to be cleaned, sanitized or disinfected byconventional means such as pouring the composition on a surface; aspray; which is applied to a surface via a spray means, including butnot limited to, pump spray applicators, pressurized spray applicatorsand the like; a saturated wipe; a rag and a bucket; a mop and bucket; asponge and a bucket; or via automated cleaning equipment and othersimilar and conventional ways to apply an anti-microbial or disinfectantcomposition to a surface for the purposes of sanitizing or disinfectingthe surface.

To use the disinfectant composition of the present disclosure, a surfaceis treated with the substrate by spraying, pouring, wiping or otherwiseapplying the anti-microbial composition to the surface. Once applied tothe surface, the anti-microbial composition is allowed to remain on thesurface for a period of time. The anti-microbial composition may beapplied to the surface and allowed to dry or may alternatively be driedby wiping the surface with a dry wipe or wiping device.

Surfaces, which may be disinfected with the compositions include, butare not limited to, those located in dairies, homes, health carefacilities, swimming pools, canneries, food processing plants,restaurants, hospitals, institutions, and industry, including secondaryoil recovery. Any suitable hard surface may be treated in accordancewith the present disclosure, particularly frequently touched hardsurfaces. The hard surface, for instance, can be made from glass, ametal such as an aluminum or stainless steel, a ceramic, a stone such asgranite or marble, a plastic or polymer material, or the like. Specificareas targeted for application include hard surfaces in the home such askitchen countertops, cabinets, appliances, waste cans, laundry areas,garbage pails, bathroom fixtures, toilets, water tanks, faucets,mirrors, vanities, tubs, and showers. The compositions can also be usedto sanitize floors, walls, furniture, mirrors, toilet fixtures, windows,and wood surfaces, such as fence rails, porch rails, decks, roofing,siding, window frames, and door frames. The compositions areparticularly well suited for application on indirect food contactsurfaces, such as cutting boards, utensils, containers, dishes, washbasins, appliances, and countertops. The compositions can be used tosanitize dairy plant equipment, milking machines, milk pails, tanktrucks, and the like. Areas in hospitals would include beds, gurneys,tables, canisters, toilets, waste cans, stands, cabinets, shower stalls,floors, door knobs, bed rails, walls or any other non-porous surface.

One particularly useful application method is to impregnate thedisinfectant composition into a wipe substrate. In this embodiment, thewipe can be a single use wipe that is impregnated with the disinfectingcomposition and is stored in a container that will dispense the wipe toa user. The container with the wipes may contain a single wipe, orseveral wipes. Suitable containers include a pouch containing a singlewipe, such as a moist towelette which is torn open by the user, or maybe a pouch with a resealable opening containing several wipes in astacked fashion, a rolled fashion or other suitable formation that wouldallow a single wipe to be removed from the opening at a time. Pouchesare generally prepared from a fluid impervious material, such as a film,a coated paper or foil or other similar fluid impervious materials.Another way to dispense wipes of the present disclosure is to place thewipe in to a fluid impervious container having an opening to access thewipes in the container. Containers may be molded plastic containers withlids that are fluid impervious. Generally, the lid will have an openingto access the wipes in the container. The wipe in the container may bein a interleaved stacked, such that as a wipe is removed from thecontainer the next wipe is positioned in the opening of the containerready for the user to remove the next wipe. Alternatively, the wipe maybe a continuous material which is perforated between the individualwipes of the continuous material. The continuous wipe material withperforations may be in a folded form or may be in a rolled form.Generally, in the rolled form, the wipe material is feed from the centerof the rolled material. As with the interleaved stack, as a wipe isremoved from the container, the next wipe is positioned in the openingfor the use to remove the next wipe, when needed.

The disinfecting composition can be impregnated into the wipe such thatthe wipe is pre-moistened and will express or release the disinfectingcomposition onto the surface as the wipe is run across the surface to betreated. Generally, the disinfecting composition is saturated into thewipe such that the wipe will release the disinfecting composition ontothe surface through the wiping action. Depending on the wipe substrate,saturation is generally achieved using about 3 wt parts of thedisinfecting composition per 1 wt part of the wipe substrate to besaturated. Generally, the disinfecting composition is used from about 4parts to 6 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the wiper substrate.In these ranges, complete saturation of the substrates can be achieved.It is noted that the amount of the disinfecting solution may go up ordown to achieve complete saturation of the wipe substrate, depending onthe particular wipe substrate.

Suitable wipe substrates include woven and nonwoven materials.Essentially any nonwoven web material may be used. Exemplary nonwovenmaterials may include, but are not limited to meltblown, coform,spunbond, airlaid, hydroentangled nonwovens, spunlace, bonded cardedwebs, and laminates thereof. Optionally, the nonwoven may be laminatedwith a film material as well. The fibers used to prepare the wipesubstrate may be cellulosic fiber, thermoplastic fibers and mixturesthereof. The fibers may also be continuous fibers, discontinuous fibers,staple fibers and mixtures thereof. Basis weights of the nonwoven webmay vary from about 12 grams per square meter to 200 grams per squaremeter or more.

The present disclosure may be better understood with reference to thefollowing examples.

EXAMPLE NO. 1

1. Formulation Preparation

1.1. Polymer Base Formulations

The base formulations were prepared using different polymers anddifferent levels of isopropyl alcohol as shown in Table 1. The polymerbase formulations were mixed at room temperature, except for the baseformulations containing polyvinyl alcohols (PVOH), which was prepared bymixing the ingredients and stirring at 50-60° C. until the PVOH wascompletely dissolved. The base formulations were cooled to roomtemperature before they were further formulated with the biocides.

TABLE 1 Polymer base formulations Ingredients A B C D E F G H PVOH-98¹5.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 PVOH-96² 5.2 1.8 1.8 1.8 PVP³ K-60 5.2 PVP K-90 5.2Polyethylene 5.2 glycol (PEG) (3350 Mn) Isopropyl 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.219.2 19.2 5.26 0 alcohol DI water 75.6 75.6 75.6 75.6 75.6 75.6 89.5494.8 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ¹Polyvinyl alcohol 98%hydrolyzed ²Polyvinyl alcohol 96% hydrolyzed ³Polyvinylpyrrolidone

TABLE 2 Examples of biocide/polymer formulations A B C D E FFormulations % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w Polymer base 95.0 95.095.0 95.0 formulation A Polymer base 95.0 formulation F Polymer base95.0 formulation H Alkyldimethyl 0.5 benzyl ammonium chloridesN,N-bis(3- 0.4 0.4 0.4 aminopropyl) dodecylamine Chlorhexidine 0.4digluconate PHMB 2.0 0.5 Na₄ EDTA 0.1 DI water 4.5 4.6 3.0 4.6 4.6 4.0Total 100 100 100 100 100 1002. Biocide/Polymer Based Formulations

A biocide/polymer formulation was prepared by adding biocides into thepolymer base formulations. Examples of biocide/polymer formulations inTable 2 contained 0.4% active biocides.

2. Micro-efficacy Testing

First round of micro test was to evaluate the efficacy of the biocidesagainst P. aeruginosa. About 30 mg of the biocide/polymer basedformulation were coated on the one square inch area of a stainless steelcoupon. The treated stainless steel coupons were left on the bench forair drying overnight. The dried stainless steel test samples were sentto a micro lab for efficacy testing against P. aeruginosa ATCC 15442following a modified version of Residual Self-Sanitizing Activity onHard, Non-Porous Surfaces (EPA Protocol #01-1A). Test samples did notundergo the wearing process. Samples were inoculated with the testorganism and held for a 5 minute contact time. Three replicates weretested for each sample. Test results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 First screening test results - average log reduction against P.aeruginosa Active Log reduction concentration (with culture Actives (%)Film dilution) Alkyldimethyl 0.4 PVOH 3.85 benzyl ammonium chloridesN,N-bis(3- 0.4 PVOH ≥4.85 aminopropyl) dodecylamine N,N-bis(3- 0.4 PVP4.05 aminopropyl) dodecylamine Chlorhexidine 1.0 PVOH ≥4.85 digluconatePHMB 0.4 PVOH 3.56

Second round of testing was to compare the efficacy after an abrasionprocess. About 30 mg of the test formulation was coated on the onesquare inch area of a stainless steel coupon. Samples were divided intotwo groups: one group had 0 rub, and the other group had 12 dry rubs. Nore-inoculation was applied between rubs. Test results are shown in Table4.

TABLE 4 Second screening test results - average log reduction against P.aeruginosa Log₁₀ Reduction Formulations Active % Film No Rub 12 dry RubsAlkyldimethyl 0.4 PVOH 3.56 3.48 benzyl ammonium chlorides N,N-bis(3-0.4 PVOH 5.22 4.77 aminopropyl) dodecylamine Chlorhexidine 0.4 PVOH 5.425.04 digluconate PHMB 0.4 PVOH 1.97 2.24

Third round of testing was to evaluate the N, N-bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine/PVOH based formulation for residual efficacy against P.aeruginosa and S. Aureus at two loadings of 30 mg and 10 mg. Sampleswere divided into three groups for different wearing procedures: thefirst group had 0 rub; the second group had 12 dry rubs, and the thirdgroup had 12 wet rubs. No re-inoculation was applied between rubs. Testresults are shown in Table 5-6. Performance standard for passing theself-sanitation test is ≥3 log reduction.

TABLE 5 Third screening test results - average log reduction against S.aureus Log₁₀ Reduction Film Thickness 30 mg Film Thickness 10 mg 12 1212 12 Active No Dry Wet No Dry Wet Formulations % Rub Rubs Rubs Rub RubsRubs N,N-bis(3- 0.4 >4.82 4.63 >4.87 4.09 4.08 4.06 aminopropyl)dodecylamine/ PVOH

TABLE 6 Third screening test results - average log reduction against P.aeruginosa Log₁₀ Reduction Film Thickness 30 mg Film Thickness 10 mg 1212 12 12 Active No Dry Wet No Dry Wet Formulations % Rub Rubs Rubs RubRubs Rubs N,N-bis(3- 0.4 4.18 >4.94 >4.89 >4.96 >4.94 3.82 aminopropyl)dodecylamine/ PVOH

The N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine/PVOH based formulation was alsotested for 8 and 12 hour residual efficacy using the Protocol forResidual Self-Sanitizing Activity of Dried Chemical Residues on Hard,Non-Porous Surfaces (EPA Protocol #01-1A) with proportional reduction ofabrasion numbers and inoculation numbers. The formulation details areshown in Table 7 and residual efficacy test results are shown in Table8.

TABLE 7 N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine/PVOH formulation recipeIngredients % w/w N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine 0.4 PVOH-98 3.3PVOH-96 1.7 Isopropyl alcohol 18.0 DI water 76.6

TABLE 8 Residual test results using EPA Protocol #01-1A Re- Testconditions Log Reduction* sidual Contact Dry Wet Reino- S. P. E. hourstime rub Rub culation aureus aeruginosa aerogenes  8 hrs 10  2 2 3 4.905 2 2 3 5.49 3.72 12 hrs 5 3 3 3 3.57 5.57 *Performance standard forpassing the self-sanitation test is ≥3 log reduction.

The initial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 andPseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 for the same N, N-bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine/PVOH formulation was also confirmed using the AOACGermicidal Spray Test method (961.02). The test results are shown inTable 9.

TABLE 9 Initial efficacy test results Formulation Contact time OrganismPositive Carriers* N,N-bis(3- 5 min. S. aureus 0/60 Passed aminopropyl)5 min. P. aeruginosa 0/60 Passed dodecylamine/PVOH *Performance standardfor passing is ≤1 positive carrier out of 60.

EXAMPLE NO. 2

The following biocides/polymer formulations were also prepared andtested:

TABLE 10 Sample No. 1 Sample No. 2 Ingredients % w/w % w/wN,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) 1.5 1.2 dodecylamine POVH-98 1.5 2.0Polyvinylpyrrolidone 1.5 1.0 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 15.0 DI water q.s.to 100 q.s. to 100

The polyvinyl alcohol used above had an average molecular weight of 125kg/mol. The polyvinylpyrrolidone used above had an average molecularweight of from about 1000 to about 1700 kg/mol.

Formulations in Table 10 were submitted to a micro lab for residualefficacy test following the EPA New Guideline for Residual AntimicrobialActivity of Dried Chemical on Hard Non-Porous Surfaces as describedabove. Each abrasion equals four (4) passes (one pass to the left andone return pass to the right followed by another pass to the left andanother return pass to the right); each cycle is composed of inoculationor re-inoculation followed by one wet abrasion or one dry abrasion. Aminimum of 4 hours bacterial reduction claim is acceptable. Each 4 hourincrement represents one dry abrasion cycle and one wet abrasion cyclewith inoculation or re-inoculation. A 1 inch by 3 inch glass microscopeslide was used as a test carrier in the residual test. The test resultsare shown in Table 11. Both formulations demonstrated 4 hour residualdisinfection against both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with greater than5 log reduction.

TABLE 11 Residual test results using modified Clorox method ResidualContact Log Reduction* hours Sample No. time S. aureus P. aeruginosa 4hrs 1 10 >5.14 >5.20 2 5 >5.35 >5.26

The initial efficacy for the formulations in Table 10 againstStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442for the same formulations were also confirmed using the AOAC GermicidalSpray Test method (961.02). The test results are shown in Table 12.

TABLE 12 Initial efficacy test results Sample No. Contact time OrganismPositive Carriers* 1 5 min. S. aureus 0/60 Passed 5 min. P. aeruginosa0/60 Passed 2 5 min. S. aureus 0/60 Passed 5 min. P. aeruginosa 0/60Passed *Performance standard for passing is ≤1 positive carrier out of60.

EXAMPLE NO. 3

As shown above, compositions made in accordance with the presentdisclosure demonstrate excellent initial antimicrobial activity, areabrasion resistant, and have prolonged antimicrobial activity. Thefollowing are further formulations made in accordance with the presentdisclosure and would also demonstrate similar results.

TABLE 13 More N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine/PVOH basedformulations for micro residual efficacy testing against S. aureus, E.aerogenes and P. aeruginosa A B C Ingredients (% w/w) (% w/w) (% w/w)N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl) 0.4 0.4 0.4 dodecylamine PHMB — 0.1 0.1 PVOH-983.3 3.3 3.3 PVOH-96 1.7 1.7 1.7 Na₄EDTA 0.1 — — Nonionic ethoxylated C₁₂2 — 0.1 — C₁₄ alcohol containing 9 mols of ethoxylate Isopropyl alcohol— —  0.95 DI water 94.5  94.4  93.55

These and other modifications and variations to the present inventionmay be practiced by those of ordinary skill in the art, withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which ismore particularly set forth in the appended claims. In addition, itshould be understood that aspects of the various embodiments may beinterchanged both in whole or in part. Furthermore, those of ordinaryskill in the art will appreciate that the foregoing description is byway of example only, and is not intended to limit the invention sofurther described in such appended claims.

What is claimed:
 1. A composition for disinfecting surfaces comprising: a biocide, the biocide comprising a tertiary amine biocide, a chlorhexidine, a biguanide, or mixtures thereof; a film forming component combined with the biocide, the film forming component comprising a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, or mixtures thereof; an evaporating agent; and a liquid carrier; wherein the evaporating agent is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.5% to about 40% by weight.
 2. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the biocide comprises the tertiary amine biocide.
 3. The composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the tertiary amine biocide comprises a tertiary alkyl amine.
 4. The composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the biocide is N, N-bis(3-aminopropyl) dodecylamine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-decyl-1,3-propanediamine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-tetradecyl-1,3-propanediamine, or mixtures thereof.
 5. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the biocide is present in the composition in an about from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight.
 6. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the film forming component comprises the polyvinyl alcohol.
 7. The composition as defined in claim 6, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of greater than about 80 mol %.
 8. The composition as defined in claim 6, wherein the composition contains a first polyvinyl alcohol and a second polyvinyl alcohol, the first polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis greater than the second polyvinyl alcohol, the first polyvinyl alcohol and the second polyvinyl alcohol both having a degree of hydrolysis of greater than about 90 mol %.
 9. The composition as defined in claim 8, wherein the first polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of about 98 mol % and the second polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of from about 95 mol % to about 97 mol %, the first polyvinyl alcohol and the second polyvinyl alcohol being present in the composition at a weight ratio of from about 1:1 to about 4:1.
 10. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the film forming component is present in the composition in an amount from about 1% to about 10% by weight.
 11. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the liquid carrier comprises water, water being present in the composition in an amount of at least 40% by weight.
 12. The composition as defined in claim 1, further comprising the evaporating agent having a boiling point of less than about 90° C.
 13. The composition as defined in claim 12, wherein the evaporating agent comprises an alcohol.
 14. The composition as defined in claim 12, wherein the evaporating agent is present in the composition in an amount from about 1% to about 25%.
 15. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the film forming component comprises the polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
 16. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition further contains a chelating agent.
 17. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition further contains a surfactant.
 18. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the biocide comprises the chlorhexidine, wherein the chlorhexidine is chlorhexidine digluconate.
 19. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the biocide comprises the biguanide, the biguanide comprising a polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride.
 20. The composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the biocide comprises the amine with biocidal properties in combination with the chlorhexidine.
 21. A premoistened wiper comprising a liquid absorbent substrate impregnated with the composition as defined in claim
 1. 22. A disinfectant product for disinfecting instruments comprising the composition as defined in claim
 1. 23. A hard surfaces disinfectant comprising the composition as defined in claim
 1. 24. A hand sanitizer comprising the composition as defined in claim
 1. 